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===Dolly the Sheep=== | ===Dolly the Sheep=== | ||
“Dolly, a Finn-Dorset ewe, was the first mammal to have been successfully cloned from an adult somatic cell. Dolly was formed by taking a cell from the udder of her 6-year old biological mother. Dolly's embryo was created by taking the cell and inserting it into a sheep ovum. .. The embryo was then placed inside a female sheep that went through a normal pregnancy. She was cloned [in 1996] at the Roslin Institute in Scotland.”(wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloning) | |||
“Dolly was publicly significant because the effort showed that genetic material from a specific adult cell, programmed to express only a distinct subset of its genes, can be reprogrammed to grow an entirely new organism. Before this demonstration, it had been shown by John Gurdon that nuclei from differentiated cells could give rise to an entire organism after transplantation into an enucleated egg.”(wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloning) | |||
“Reproductive cloning generally uses "somatic cell nuclear transfer" (SCNT) to create animals that are genetically identical. This process entails the transfer of a nucleus from a donor adult cell (somatic cell) to an egg from which the nucleus has been removed, or to a cell from a blastocyst from which the nucleus has been removed.”(wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloning) | |||
<gallery> | |||
12-Dolly(SideView).jpg| | |||
how-dolly-was-cloned-the-guardian.png|The Guardian | |||
</gallery> | |||
Paper reporting that there are no ageing problems in among SCNT clones (“Healthy ageing of cloned sheep”, http://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms12359) | Paper reporting that there are no ageing problems in among SCNT clones (“Healthy ageing of cloned sheep”, http://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms12359) | ||
==Cloning== | ==Cloning== | ||