GMU:Tutorials/Performance Platform/Sound System Multi Speaker

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There are two interdependent sound systems. The stereo sound system and the surround/multi channel sound systems. Both are controlled by the same audio work station.

In the Digital Bauhaus Lab (DBL) you would be able to work with a multi channel sound system, the work station uses an audio interface "Fireface UCX" and Totalmix FX software for mixing and recording.

The following tutorial will explain you how the hardware is setup and a quick introduction to the software and possible ways that you could expand the capacity of the multi channel sound-card and system.

Surround system

Types of Multi Channel Audio

There are three different types of speakers arrangements: first the most common one the stereophonic sound or two channel audio, surround sound or more than two channels and ambisonics or full sphere surround sound.

In this tutorial we only are going to cover briefly the surround sound arrangement.

Surround Sound

"Surround sound is a technique for enriching the sound reproduction quality of an audio source with additional audio channels from speakers that surround the listener (surround channels), providing sound from a 360° radius in the horizontal plane (2D) as opposed to "screen channels" (center, [front] left, and [front] right) originating only from the listener's forward arc.

Surround sound is characterized by a listener location or sweet spot where the audio effects work best, and presents a fixed or forward perspective of the sound field to the listener at this location. The technique enhances the perception of sound spatialisation by exploiting sound localization; a listener's ability to identify the location or origin of a detected sound in direction and distance. Typically this is achieved by using multiple discrete audio channels routed to an array of loudspeakers." taken from wikipedia.

If you want a deeper understanding of Multi channel sound systems, give it a look to the following link Multi-Channel Music & Cinema Systems Theory and Design

Arrangement of Speakers

The DBL has a setup of 8 speakers that you will see at the following images:

(click on the images to enlarge)

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  All the speakers in the DBL

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  sound system connection sketch

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  Sound system scheme

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  speakers 1,3,4,5

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  speakers 2,3,4,6

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  speakers 3 and 4

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  speakers 7 and 8

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  8 speakers connection

Using the Multi Channel System

Hardware

Turn on equipment:

• Audio work station (Enigma)
• Audio interface (RME Fireface UFX)
• ADAT DA/AD Converter (Behringer ADA8200 Ultragain)
• Power supply (488 back room, next to the video wall)
• Check if the USB cable connected (Work station to Fireface UFX)

From the Speakers to the Sound-card

The whole set of speakers go to the sound card as analog line connection outputs on the rear side of the sound console, here you can see the connections.

sound card back

The computer is connected via USB connection to the sound card (Fireface UFX), and finally the power socket connection. (For photos see "gallery" bellow)

The other connections are for digital and analog inputs and outputs such as MIDI, ADAT, SPDIF and WORDclock, this are different forms to connect other hardware and manipulate it inside the mixer, giving you the capacity to use up to 52 channels.

• more info about ADAT
• more info about SPDIF
• more info about WORDclock

Sound card front Interface

On the front side you have another set of input connections such as instruments line in and microphone in, and input volume knobs controllers and 48 volt phantom power supply activation.

sound card front

• Channel 1 has speaker emulation to bypass the amplifier of a guitar for example
• Channels 7 and 8 also have mic and line input connections
• Channels 9 and 10 are used for headphones (if you want to) - Phones are low impedance line outputs. They provide a sufficient and undis-torted volume when used with headphones.

For a better understanding of Phantom power click here.

Status LEDs

• MIDI/I: indicates MIDI data received by the MIDI input.
• MIDI/O: indicates MIDI data sent to the MIDI output.
• The Digital State LEDs: (WC, SPDIF, ADAT, TCO) indicate a valid input signal separately for each digital input.
• The red HOST LED lights up when the Fireface has been switched on, signaling the presence of operating voltage. At the same time it operates as error LED, in case the FireWire connection hasn't been initialized yet, or has been interrupted (error, cable not connected).

sound card front LEDs

Software

TotalMix FX

Mixer view (key M)

• TotalMix FX
• Mismatch detected Error? click "no"
• If you want to play multichannel in Workspace quick select (key W) select "surround" preset: The top stripe stands for hardware inputs; The middle stripe of the virtual mixer stands for the audio inputs running on the work station; The bottom stripe stands for hardware outputs
• In order to select what the sound output is, select on the mac interface top right sound icon
• on the bottom stripe bottom right is the sound master output control

Not sure if how the system is mapped? go to Matrix view for debugging (key X) and map input-output channels

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  matrix view

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  mixer view

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  select output device

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  totalmix select audio device fireface ufx

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  workspace quickselect

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  workspace quickselect

Pure Data

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• 
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File:Hello-world.pd File:Surround-ctrl.pd

Zirkonium

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• File:Surround-zirkonium-editing-traces.zirk
• File:Zirkonium-surround-speaker-setup-2d.xml
• File:Zirkonium-surround-speaker-setup-3d.xml

Processing

• File:MouseControlForZirkonium.pde mouse remote control for Zirkonium
• File:OscSoundSource.pde mouse remote control for Zirkonium

Gallery

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  Sound system scheme

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  sound system connection sketch

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  Enigma sound station cables

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  Enigma sound station cables

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  RME Fireface UFX und 800 back

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  RME Fireface UFX und 800 front

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  RME Fireface UFX und 800 power supply front

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  RME Fireface UFX und 800 to dreitec stagebox

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  sound system power supply back

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  dreitec stagebox

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  stereo speaker

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  multichanel speaker

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  Subwoofer

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  sound card front LEDs]]

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  sound card front]]

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  sound card back]]

Going Beyond

In a Surround system or multi channel system like this one is it possible to use Ambisonics for Max/MSP or Pure data to transform the arrangement of speakers into a spatial sphere system in this case with panning modes could be posible, for that you will need and ambisonics extension for max msp that you could download going to this site all the documentation is inside the max objects, or for pure data go here or take a look on this other library for Pd HoaLibrary.

To know more about ambisonics sound system take a look on this information

Useful Sites and Resources

RME Audio TotalMix FX Tutorials

MSP panning Tutorial 3: Multi-channel panning

Generic panning tools for MAX MSP

Ambisonics Spatialization Tools for Max/MSP