GMU:BioArt WS16/Freya Probst: Difference between revisions

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'''2. Outcome:'''
'''2. Outcome:'''
:Only the soil sample showed some result. Besides that we can only observe oil drops from the Boullion.
:Only the soil sample showed some result. Besides that we can only observe oil drops from the Boullion. Under the microscope I could only identify some sort of funghi, but no bacterial colonies.


[[File:Bacteria_on_boullion.jpg|500px]]
[[File:Bacteria_on_boullion.jpg|500px]]


[[File:Soil bacteria world1.jpg|500px]]
[[File:Soil bacteria world1.jpg|500px]]
[[File:Soil bacteria world2.jpg|500px]]
[[File:Soil bacteria world2.jpg|500px]]


Line 45: Line 44:


[[File:Kambucha tea cooling.jpeg|500px]]
[[File:Kambucha tea cooling.jpeg|500px]]
[[File:Scobi.jpeg|500px]]
[[File:Scobi.jpeg|500px]]


==Serial dilution==
==Serial dilution==


: Under the right conditions one Bacteria can divide itself infinetely and pile up a colony of its kind. The procedure of serial dilution (reducing the amount of bacteria in a solution within steps) is for example useful for counting bacteria. The Gluconacetobacter that we extracted out of the Kombucha Tea also changed its colonies with different concentration of bacteria in a solution (distilled water).
: Under the right conditions one Bacteria can divide itself infinetely and pile up a colony of its kind. The procedure of serial dilution (reducing the amount of bacteria in a solution within steps) is for example useful for counting bacteria. In this way we tried isolating the Gluconacetobacter.  


'''1. Medium for the Gluconacetobacter:'''
'''1. Medium for the Gluconacetobacter:'''
Line 91: Line 87:
|}
|}


:We could observe how the Gluconacetobacter colonies arranged differently according to its concentration on the petridish.
:We could observe how different bacterial and yeast colonies appeared.  


==Oil Immersion==
==Oil Immersion==
Line 137: Line 133:
[[File:Oyster mushroom.jpg|250px]]  
[[File:Oyster mushroom.jpg|250px]]  


[[File:Oyster mushroom preperation.jpg|500px]]
[[File:Oyster mushroom preperation.jpg|444px]]
[[File:Oyster mushroom 1week.JPG |500px]]
 
==Electric circuit with Soilbacteria==
 
:Anerobic bacteria that live in the soil oxidate substrates during their metabolism for winning energy. During this exothermic reaction, electrons and protons are freed. In our battery, we placed an anode (graphite, copper, zinc, gold) in the mud and a cathode (differing from the metal of the anode) into water
 
:The mud container is closed, so there is no air that could take away the electrons. Instead, these would be collected by our anode.
:Our protons would search their way through the tube filled with agar that connected the containers, which would act as membrane between those. These then would be caught by our cathode.
 
[[File:Agar as membrane in microbial battery.JPG |500px]]
[[File:Mikrobielle Batterie.jpg|500px]]
 
==Bioluminescence within bacteria==
 
:The bacteria we would like to augment this time can be found in seawater. At a specific deinsity, the enzyme luciferase is created and the bacteria begin to glow.
 
'''Seawater Medium'''
 
    3 g        NaCl
    0,1 g      Glycerol
    1 g        Peptone
    0,3 g      Beef Extract
    100 ml    Distilled Water
    1,5 g      Agar
 
 
[[File:Freya Probst Seawater medium.jpg |500 px]]
 
==Growing Crystals==
 
:Crystals grow when a solution is supersaturated.  This happens, when we boil water and add our crystal powder (solute). While the water is hot, it has a higher capacity to dissolve the solute. After cooling the crystals form. We disolved copper sulfate in water.
 
[[File:Copper Sulfate.JPG |500 px ]]
 
==Gene Isolation and Electrophoresis==
 
[[File:Electrophoresis.jpeg |500 px]]
 
 
=Final Project=
==Skin Variations==


[[File:Oyster mushroom 1week.JPG |500px]]
:Cellulose is generated as a byproduct of the mircroorganisms that live within Kombucha, a probiotic drink. The aim of this study was to generate skins with different properties by varying the drink or the combination of the organisms.
 
'''1. Culture isolation of the most common microorganisms that were found in Kombucha:'''
 
1. GLUCONACETOBACTER (bacteria)
 
    /1 l water
    20    g  D-glucose
    5      g  yeast extract
    5      g  peptone
    2.7  g disodium phosphate
    1.15 g  citric acid
 
{|
|'''life-size'''
|'''colony''' 
|'''oil immersion'''
|-
| [[File:GAB 1-a.jpg  |250px]]
| [[File:GAB 2-a.jpg |250px]]
|
|-
| [[File:GAB 1-d.jpg  |250px]]
| [[File:GAB 2-d.jpg |250px]]
|
|-
| [[File:GAB 1-c.jpg |250px]]
| [[File:GAB 2-c.jpg |250px]]
|
|-
| [[File:GAB 1-f.jpg |250px]]
| [[File:GAB 2-f.jpg |250px]]
|
|-
| [[File:GAB 1-h.jpg |250px]]
| [[File:GAB 2-h.jpg |250px]]
| [[File:GAB 3-h.jpg |250px]]
|-
| [[File:GAB 1-i.jpg |250px]]
| [[File:GAB 2-i.jpg |250px]]
| [[File:GAB 3-i.jpg  |250px]]
|-
| [[File:Pink dot.jpeg  |250px]]
|
| [[File:GAB 3-j pink dot.jpg |250px]]
|-
|}
 
 
2. CANDIDA ALBICANS (yeast) - Sabouraud agar
:(http://www.oxoid.com/UK/blue/prod_detail/prod_detail.asp?pr=CM0041)
 
    /1 l distilled water
    20    g  D-glucose
    5      g  yeast extract
    5      g  peptone
    2.7  g disodium phosphate
    1.15 g  citric acid
 
{|
|'''life-size'''
|'''colony''' 
|'''oil immersion'''
|-
| [[File:GAB 1-k.jpg |250px]]
| [[File:GAB 2-k2.jpg |250px]]
| [[File:CA 3-a2.jpg |250px]]
|-
| [[File:GAB 1-l.jpg |250px]]
| [[File:GAB 2-l.jpg |250px]]
|
|-
| [[File:GAB 1-m.jpg |250px]]
| [[File:CA 2-b.jpg |250px]]
| [[File:CA 3-b red dot.jpg  |250px]]
|-
|}
 
 
3. THERMUS (bacteria)
: (https://www.atcc.org/~/media/EA0F257A821E408CB34BFF49393FA6C0.ashx)
 
    /1 l  distilled water
    4  g  yeast extract
    8  g  peptone
    2  g  NaCl (salt)
    30 g agar
 
{|
|'''life-size'''
|'''colony''' 
|'''oil immersion'''
|-
| [[File:THERMUS 1-b2.jpg |250px]]
| [[File:THERMUS 2-b.jpg |250px]]
|
|-
| [[File:THERMUS 1-c.jpg |250px]]
| [[File:THERMUS 2-c.jpg |250px]]
|
|-
| [[File:THERMUS 1-d.jpg  |250px]]
|
| [[File:THERMUS 3-d.jpg  |250px]]
|-
| [[File:THERMUS 1-a.jpg |250px]]
| [[File:THERMUS 2-a.jpg |250px]]
| [[File:THERMUS 3-a.jpg  |250px]]
|-
| [[File:THERMUS 1-f.jpg  |250px]]
| [[File:THERMUS 2-f.jpg  |250px]]
|
|-
|}
 
4. LEUCOSPORIDIELLA (fungi) -YM agar (yeast malt agar)
: (http://www.humeau.com/media/blfa_files/271210.pdf)
 
  /1 l  distilled water
    3  g  yeast extract
    3  g  malt extract
    5  g  peptone
    10 g dextrose (grape-sugar)
    20 g agar
 
{|
|'''life-size'''
|'''colony''' 
|'''oil immersion'''
|-
| [[File:YM 1-a.jpg |250px]]
| [[File:YM 2-a.jpg |250px]]
| [[File:YM 3-a.jpg |250px]]
|-
|}
 
 
5. LACTOCOCCUS (bacteria)
:(NIZO, the food researchers B.V., Media and growth conditions for Lactococcus lactis)
 
    /1 l water
    20  g  tryptone (peptone)
    5    g  yeast extract
    4    g  sodium chloride (vinegar (maybe))
    (I skipped sodium acetate)
    0.5 g  ascorbic acid (vitamin C)
 
{|
|'''life-size'''
|'''colony''' 
|'''oil immersion'''
|-
| [[File:LACTOCOCCUS 1-a.jpg |250px]]
| [[File:LACTOCOCCUS 2-a.jpg |250px]]
|
|-
| [[File:LACTOCOCCUS 1-b.jpg |250px]]
| [[File:LACTOCOCCUS 2-b.jpg|250px]]
|
|-
| [[File:LACTOCOCCUS 1-c.jpg |250px]]
| [[File:LACTOCOCCUS 2-c.jpg |250px]]
| [[File:LACTOCOCCUS 3-c.jpg |250px]]
|-
| [[File:LACTOCOCCUS 1-d.jpg |250px]]
| [[File:LACTOCOCCUS 2-d.jpg |250px]]
|
|-
| [[File:LACTOCOCCUS 1-e.jpg |250px]]
| [[File:LACTOCOCCUS 2-e.jpg |250px]]
|
|-
|}
 
 
6. LACTOBACILLUS (bacteria)- Tomato Juice agar
:(https://catalog.hardydiagnostics.com/cp_prod/Content/hugo/TomatoJuiceAgar.html)
 
    /1 l water
    20 ml tomato juice solids (tomato juice)
    10 g  peptone
    10 g  peptonized milk (baby powder)
    11 g  agar
 
{|
|'''life-size'''
|'''colony''' 
|'''oil immersion'''
|-
| [[File:LACTOBACILLUS 1-a.jpg |250px]]
| [[File:LACTOBACILLUS 2-a.jpg |250px]]
| [[File:LACTOBACILLUS 3-a.jpg |250px]]
|-
| [[File:LACTOBACILLUS 1-b.jpg |250px]]
| [[File:LACTOBACILLUS 2-b.jpg |250px]]
| [[File:LACTOBACILLUS 3-b.jpg |250px]]
|-
| [[File:LACTOBACILLUS 1-c.jpg |250px]]
| [[File:LACTOBACILLUS 2-c.jpg |250px]]
| [[File:LACTOBACILLUS 3-c.jpg  |250px]]
|-
 
|}
 
 
'''2. Recombination of Cultures:'''
 
: I picked one colony from each medium and spread it on a newly cooked medium.
 
{|
|'''Sabouraud Agar'''
|'''YM Agar''' 
|'''Thermus Medium'''
|-
| [[File:Sabouraud isolation.JPG |250px]]
| [[File:YM Agar isolation.JPG |250px]]
| [[File:Thermus isolation.jpg |250px]]
|-
|}
{|
|'''Lactococcus'''
|'''Lactobacillus''' 
|-
| [[File:Lactococcus isolation.JPG |250px]]
| [[File:Lactobacillus isolation.JPG |250px]]
|-
|}
 
I tried to recombine these bacteria in 16 probes, but after a week,  mold spread on the liquid, because the process of fermentation was missing.
 
 
[[File:Kombucha recombination.jpeg|500px]]
[[File:Kombucha recombination 2.jpg|500px]]
[[File:Kombucha recombination 3.jpg|500px]]
 
 
'''3. Kombucha-colony in various drinks:'''
 
: I wondered how the choice of drink could affect the material properties of the Kombucha skin. As first reference point I looked at the ingredients of green tea and what else would contain these substances. Futhermore I did some research on where the Gluconabacter lives in nature.
 
[[File:Drinks.jpg |500px]]
 
I added 1ml Kombucha to 30 ml of an other drink, that could nourish the microorganisms.
 
{|
|'''corn juice'''
|'''beer''' 
|'''carrot juice'''
|-
| [[File:Corn juice skin.jpg |250px]]
| [[File:Beer skin.jpg |250px]]
| [[File:Carrot skin.jpg |250px]]
|-
|}
 
{|
|'''superfruit juice'''
|'''apple juice''' 
|'''coconut juice'''
|-
| [[File:Superfruit skin.jpg |250px]]
| [[File:Apple juice skin.jpg |250px]]
| [[File:Coconut juice skin.jpg |250px]]
|-
|}

Latest revision as of 11:37, 6 January 2018

Basic growth medium for bacteria

How can we, as people without access to a professional laboratory, grow microorganisms?

1. Procedure:

The petri dishes are cleaned with a solution of 70% Alcohol + 30% of water.
   200   ml destilled water/ tapwater
   3 ts  sugar
   2 ts  bouillon/ peptone (proteins)
   2 g   agar (gellant)

We mixed different mediums, varying the ingredients. Tapwater and bouillon are easily accessible, while peptone and destilled water are more specific.

Mine contained distilled water, but instead of peptone I used bullion.

2. Outcome:

Only the soil sample showed some result. Besides that we can only observe oil drops from the Boullion. Under the microscope I could only identify some sort of funghi, but no bacterial colonies.

Bacteria on boullion.jpg

Soil bacteria world1.jpg Soil bacteria world2.jpg


Bacteria tasting

Fermentation is a way of preserving food and the reason for that lies within its sour flavour. Under these sour conditions, neither mushrooms nor bacteria (other than our Lactobacillales) will grow. In our stomachs Lactobacillales takes over important functions and we won't kill it by drinking it. However after taking antibiotics humans can repopulate their gut flora by eating or drinking something probiotic.

1. Milk -> Yoghurt: 

   kill possibly pathogenic organisms in the milk: 90°C
   cool milk down to body temperature: 40°C
   add the Lactobacillales (in a few spoons of yoghurt)
Inside of the incubator the bacteria eat the lactose found in the milk.

2. Kombucha Tea: 

   1 cup  black/green tea
   4 ts (or more)  sugar
   add lent or bought Gluconacetobacter xylinus (after the tea cooled down to room temperature)

Kambucha tea cooling.jpeg Scobi.jpeg

Serial dilution

Under the right conditions one Bacteria can divide itself infinetely and pile up a colony of its kind. The procedure of serial dilution (reducing the amount of bacteria in a solution within steps) is for example useful for counting bacteria. In this way we tried isolating the Gluconacetobacter.

1. Medium for the Gluconacetobacter: 

   10 g     Glucose
   2.5 g    Peptone
   2.5 g    Yeast extract
   1.35 g   Na2HPO4
   0.75 g   Citric acid
   500 ml   Distilled water
   7.5 g    Agar


2. Dilution Procedure

We had 6 Petridishes that contained our medium and our pipette could collect 3 ml of liquid. As a first step, we blended a piece of the Kombucha skin with 0.5 ml of distilled water and poured a drop onto our first dish. The first 0.5 ml of bacteria-solution was diluted further with additional 2.5 ml of distilled water. Another drop was poured onto the second dish. We emptied the pipette again till we regained the amount of 0.5 ml and added another 2.5 ml of distilled water.

3. Outcome

1:1 1:6 1:36
1-1 Gluconacetobacter xylinus.jpg 1-6 Gluconacetobacter xylinus.jpg 1-36 Gluconacetobacter xylinus.jpg
1:216 1:1296 1:7776
1-216 Gluconacetobacter xylinus.jpg 1-1296 Gluconacetobacter xylinus.jpeg 1-7776 Gluconacetobacter xylinus.jpg
We could observe how different bacterial and yeast colonies appeared.

Oil Immersion

Oil immersion is a method of microscopy, which in our case, increased the resultion another 100 times.

1. Looking at the microscopes lenses 

   Ocular     10 *  magnification
   Lense 1     0 * (in addition to the Ocular = 10* magnification)
   Lense 2   10 * (*10 = 100)
   Lense 3   40 * (*10 = 400)
   Oil Immersion Lense 100 * (*10 =1000)
Our sample is placed on a microscope slide and protected by a cover slide. After mounting the slide onto the microscope we added a drop of immersion oil and turned the lense to face our sample. The tip of the lense was then in contact with the drop on our slide.

2. Looking at the Gluconacetobacter xylinus

10* magnification 40* magnification
Gluconacetobacter 10 times magnification.jpg Gluconacetobacter 100 times magnification.jpg
100* magnification 1000* magnification
Gluconacetobacter 400 times magnification.jpg Gluconacetobacter 1000 times magnification.jpg


Multiplying Mushrooms

Procedure

For replicating a mushroom, we need to look for its mycelium (a delicate, white network of branches). In a supermarket we only find the fruiting body seperated from the underground network (mycelium). But on the Oyster mushroom this mycelium can be also found above and under its cap and on its stem.
So first we try to get grip of some parts (thin slices), using the cutter.
The mushroom needs moisture and organic material, which it decomposes. For that we use corrugated cardboard and moisten its layers. Alternating we staple a layer of cardboard and a layer of mushroom pieces.


Oyster mushroom.jpg

Oyster mushroom preperation.jpg Oyster mushroom 1week.JPG

Electric circuit with Soilbacteria

Anerobic bacteria that live in the soil oxidate substrates during their metabolism for winning energy. During this exothermic reaction, electrons and protons are freed. In our battery, we placed an anode (graphite, copper, zinc, gold) in the mud and a cathode (differing from the metal of the anode) into water
The mud container is closed, so there is no air that could take away the electrons. Instead, these would be collected by our anode.
Our protons would search their way through the tube filled with agar that connected the containers, which would act as membrane between those. These then would be caught by our cathode.

Agar as membrane in microbial battery.JPG Mikrobielle Batterie.jpg

Bioluminescence within bacteria

The bacteria we would like to augment this time can be found in seawater. At a specific deinsity, the enzyme luciferase is created and the bacteria begin to glow.

Seawater Medium 

   3 g        NaCl
   0,1 g      Glycerol
   1 g        Peptone
   0,3 g      Beef Extract
   100 ml     Distilled Water
   1,5 g      Agar


Freya Probst Seawater medium.jpg

Growing Crystals

Crystals grow when a solution is supersaturated. This happens, when we boil water and add our crystal powder (solute). While the water is hot, it has a higher capacity to dissolve the solute. After cooling the crystals form. We disolved copper sulfate in water.

Copper Sulfate.JPG

Gene Isolation and Electrophoresis

Electrophoresis.jpeg


Final Project

Skin Variations

Cellulose is generated as a byproduct of the mircroorganisms that live within Kombucha, a probiotic drink. The aim of this study was to generate skins with different properties by varying the drink or the combination of the organisms.

1. Culture isolation of the most common microorganisms that were found in Kombucha:

1. GLUCONACETOBACTER (bacteria) 

   /1 l water 
   20    g  D-glucose
   5      g  yeast extract
   5      g  peptone
   2.7   g disodium phosphate
   1.15 g  citric acid
life-size colony oil immersion
GAB 1-a.jpg GAB 2-a.jpg
GAB 1-d.jpg GAB 2-d.jpg
GAB 1-c.jpg GAB 2-c.jpg
GAB 1-f.jpg GAB 2-f.jpg
GAB 1-h.jpg GAB 2-h.jpg GAB 3-h.jpg
GAB 1-i.jpg GAB 2-i.jpg GAB 3-i.jpg
Pink dot.jpeg GAB 3-j pink dot.jpg


2. CANDIDA ALBICANS (yeast) - Sabouraud agar

(http://www.oxoid.com/UK/blue/prod_detail/prod_detail.asp?pr=CM0041)
   /1 l distilled water 
   20    g  D-glucose
   5      g  yeast extract
   5      g  peptone
   2.7   g disodium phosphate
   1.15 g  citric acid
life-size colony oil immersion
GAB 1-k.jpg GAB 2-k2.jpg CA 3-a2.jpg
GAB 1-l.jpg GAB 2-l.jpg
GAB 1-m.jpg CA 2-b.jpg CA 3-b red dot.jpg


3. THERMUS (bacteria)

(https://www.atcc.org/~/media/EA0F257A821E408CB34BFF49393FA6C0.ashx)
   /1 l  distilled water 
   4   g  yeast extract
   8   g  peptone
   2   g  NaCl (salt)
   30 g agar
life-size colony oil immersion
THERMUS 1-b2.jpg THERMUS 2-b.jpg
THERMUS 1-c.jpg THERMUS 2-c.jpg
THERMUS 1-d.jpg THERMUS 3-d.jpg
THERMUS 1-a.jpg THERMUS 2-a.jpg THERMUS 3-a.jpg
THERMUS 1-f.jpg THERMUS 2-f.jpg


4. LEUCOSPORIDIELLA (fungi) -YM agar (yeast malt agar)

(http://www.humeau.com/media/blfa_files/271210.pdf)
  /1 l  distilled water 
   3   g  yeast extract
   3   g  malt extract
   5   g  peptone
   10 g dextrose (grape-sugar)
   20 g agar
life-size colony oil immersion
YM 1-a.jpg YM 2-a.jpg YM 3-a.jpg


5. LACTOCOCCUS (bacteria)

(NIZO, the food researchers B.V., Media and growth conditions for Lactococcus lactis)
   /1 l water 
   20  g  tryptone (peptone)
   5    g  yeast extract
   4    g  sodium chloride (vinegar (maybe))
    (I skipped sodium acetate)
   0.5 g  ascorbic acid (vitamin C)
life-size colony oil immersion
LACTOCOCCUS 1-a.jpg LACTOCOCCUS 2-a.jpg
LACTOCOCCUS 1-b.jpg LACTOCOCCUS 2-b.jpg
LACTOCOCCUS 1-c.jpg LACTOCOCCUS 2-c.jpg LACTOCOCCUS 3-c.jpg
LACTOCOCCUS 1-d.jpg LACTOCOCCUS 2-d.jpg
LACTOCOCCUS 1-e.jpg LACTOCOCCUS 2-e.jpg


6. LACTOBACILLUS (bacteria)- Tomato Juice agar

(https://catalog.hardydiagnostics.com/cp_prod/Content/hugo/TomatoJuiceAgar.html)
   /1 l water
   20 ml tomato juice solids (tomato juice)
   10 g   peptone
   10 g   peptonized milk (baby powder)
   11 g   agar
life-size colony oil immersion
LACTOBACILLUS 1-a.jpg LACTOBACILLUS 2-a.jpg LACTOBACILLUS 3-a.jpg
LACTOBACILLUS 1-b.jpg LACTOBACILLUS 2-b.jpg LACTOBACILLUS 3-b.jpg
LACTOBACILLUS 1-c.jpg LACTOBACILLUS 2-c.jpg LACTOBACILLUS 3-c.jpg


2. Recombination of Cultures:

I picked one colony from each medium and spread it on a newly cooked medium.
Sabouraud Agar YM Agar Thermus Medium
Sabouraud isolation.JPG YM Agar isolation.JPG Thermus isolation.jpg
Lactococcus Lactobacillus
Lactococcus isolation.JPG Lactobacillus isolation.JPG

I tried to recombine these bacteria in 16 probes, but after a week, mold spread on the liquid, because the process of fermentation was missing.


Kombucha recombination.jpeg Kombucha recombination 2.jpg Kombucha recombination 3.jpg


3. Kombucha-colony in various drinks:

I wondered how the choice of drink could affect the material properties of the Kombucha skin. As first reference point I looked at the ingredients of green tea and what else would contain these substances. Futhermore I did some research on where the Gluconabacter lives in nature.

Drinks.jpg

I added 1ml Kombucha to 30 ml of an other drink, that could nourish the microorganisms.

corn juice beer carrot juice
Corn juice skin.jpg Beer skin.jpg Carrot skin.jpg
superfruit juice apple juice coconut juice
Superfruit skin.jpg Apple juice skin.jpg Coconut juice skin.jpg
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Last modified
This page was last edited on 6 January 2018, at 11:37.