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Recycling or reusing the debris, while possible, is a difficult task due to the fact that most building materials like concrete or bricks cannot be broken up in their original form and thus are simply crushed and mixed in parts to fresh cement or used as [[wikipedia:Downcycling|downcycled]] products elsewhere. Materials like plastics can be recycled but only when mixed with new raw material. Many of the other materials that make up buildings, like insulation, adhesives or contaminated and mixed materials, end up in landfills because there is no other way to use them. | Recycling or reusing the debris, while possible, is a difficult task due to the fact that most building materials like concrete or bricks cannot be broken up in their original form and thus are simply crushed and mixed in parts to fresh cement or used as [[wikipedia:Downcycling|downcycled]] products elsewhere. Materials like plastics can be recycled but only when mixed with new raw material. Many of the other materials that make up buildings, like insulation, adhesives or contaminated and mixed materials, end up in landfills because there is no other way to use them. | ||
Taking nature's cycle of growth and decay as inspiration, I plan to design multiple shelters and dwellings that decay over time. Using a combination of biodegradable and sustainable materials these dwellings will completely biodegrade to soil. | Taking nature's cycle of growth and decay as inspiration, I plan to design multiple shelters and dwellings that decay over time. Using a combination of biodegradable and sustainable materials these dwellings will completely biodegrade to soil while still providing basic housing for some time. | ||
== | ==Prototypes== | ||
[[File:Recycling-Code-20.png|thumb|right]]Corrugated paper is made of 80% recycled paper and biodegrades without residue. The finished dome can be covered with fabrics or other natural materials like straw for enhanced weather resistance and added insulation. | |||
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===Cardboard dome=== | ===Cardboard dome=== | ||
====First prototype==== | |||
[[File:Cardboard-dome-fail.jpg|thumb|right|The first failed attempt to create assemble the dome. Better measuring next time!]]The first prototype is a dome made from corrugated paper. The individual parts are being laser cut and can easily be assembled by putting the pieces into each other. The dome can be made in arbitrary sizes. | [[File:Cardboard-dome-fail.jpg|thumb|right|The first failed attempt to create assemble the dome. Better measuring next time!]]The first prototype is a dome made from corrugated paper. The individual parts are being laser cut and can easily be assembled by putting the pieces into each other. The dome can be made in arbitrary sizes. | ||
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====Second prototype==== | |||
[[File:Cardboard-dome-v2.jpg|thumb|right|The second prototype]]Meanwhile I developed a second prototype with the correct math. This prototype is the base for further experiments in shape and variation. I plan to construct a life sized dome during the semester for testing and to show its versatility. | [[File:Cardboard-dome-v2.jpg|thumb|right|The second prototype]]Meanwhile I developed a second prototype with the correct math. This prototype is the base for further experiments in shape and variation. I plan to construct a life sized dome during the semester for testing and to show its versatility. | ||
The applications for such a structure are countless. The dome shape makes it a very stable self-supporting structure. The lightweight but strong material is easy to transport and set up. | The applications for such a structure are countless. The dome shape makes it a very stable self-supporting structure. The lightweight but strong material is easy to transport and set up. | ||
Currently I am working on a third prototype that addresses some issues of the second prototype. The third prototype will be usable in a larger scale and allow for an entrance opening. | |||
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====Third prototype==== | |||
[[File:Cardboard-dome-v3.jpg|thumb|right|The third prototype]]There are many variations for an additional cover I can imagine. The simplest being fabric cut and sewn to the right shape but also filling the gaps with straw and then plastering the outer and optionally the inner wall is possible. Another alternative would be filling the gaps with a compound of straw and soil which then can be be vegetated to create a [[wikipedia:Green Roof|green roof]]. | [[File:Cardboard-dome-v3.jpg|thumb|right|The third prototype]]There are many variations for an additional cover I can imagine. The simplest being fabric cut and sewn to the right shape but also filling the gaps with straw and then plastering the outer and optionally the inner wall is possible. Another alternative would be filling the gaps with a compound of straw and soil which then can be be vegetated to create a [[wikipedia:Green Roof|green roof]]. | ||
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====Fourth prototype==== | |||
[[File:Kuppel-Solidworks.jpg|thumb|right|CAD-model]]Unfortunately I found some more issues with the third prototype, which will be fixed by the fourth. The fourth ptotoype is completely redesigned in 3-dimensional space with prebend parts that get flattened by computer software and then can be laser cut and assembled. | [[File:Kuppel-Solidworks.jpg|thumb|right|CAD-model]]Unfortunately I found some more issues with the third prototype, which will be fixed by the fourth. The fourth ptotoype is completely redesigned in 3-dimensional space with prebend parts that get flattened by computer software and then can be laser cut and assembled. | ||
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=== | ====Fifth prototype==== | ||
[[File:2V geodesic dome model.jpg|thumb|right|CAD model of the 2V geodesic dome]] | |||
The fifth prototype is a 2V geodesic icosahedron dome. | |||
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[[File:2V geodesic cardboard dome.jpg|thumb|right|Assembled model]] | |||
The assembled first prototype. | |||
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===Cardboard arched structure=== | |||
[[File:arch-structure-1.jpg|thumb|right|CAD-model of the arch strucuture]] | [[File:arch-structure-1.jpg|thumb|right|CAD-model of the arch strucuture]] | ||
Arch structures and especially steel arch structures are a common sight in the US. Nowadays they are mostly used in agriculture as they are lightweight, easy to erect and cost effective. There are many companies which produce and sell steel arch buildings as prefabricated kits. For a short history see [http://www.ehow.co.uk/info_7754386_arch-types-aluminum-interlocking-buildings.html this website]. | Arch structures and especially steel arch structures are a common sight in the US. Nowadays they are mostly used in agriculture as they are lightweight, easy to erect and cost effective. There are many companies which produce and sell steel arch buildings as prefabricated kits. For a short history see [http://www.ehow.co.uk/info_7754386_arch-types-aluminum-interlocking-buildings.html this website]. | ||
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====First prototype==== | |||
[[File:arch-structure-2.jpg|thumb|right|Corrugated paperboard Arch structure]] | [[File:arch-structure-2.jpg|thumb|right|Corrugated paperboard Arch structure]] | ||
The arch is structurally easier to construct than the dome and can be used as starting point for more elaborate structures or on its own. Compared to the dome the segments of the arch are experiencing less stress than the bent segments of the dome. | The arch is structurally easier to construct than the dome and can be used as starting point for more elaborate structures or on its own. Compared to the dome the segments of the arch are experiencing less stress than the bent segments of the dome. | ||
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===Space structures=== | |||
For an in-depths explanations of space structures see [http://www3.surrey.ac.uk/eng/research/ems/ssrc/intro.htm this site]. | |||
====First prototype==== | |||
[[File:Space-frame-1.jpg|thumb|right|View 1]] | |||
[[File:Space-frame-2.jpg|thumb|right|View 2]] | |||
Irregular polygonal structure. One 4-sided polygon and 5-sides polygons. | |||
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====Second prototype==== | |||
[[File:Regular-polygonal-spaceframe.jpg|thumb|right|Regular polygonal spaceframe]] | |||
[[File:Polygon-connector.jpg|thumb|right|Connector]] | |||
Regular polygonal structure. While not as interesting as Prototype 1, the regular polygonal spaceframe is easier to fabricate because all connectors are equal. | |||
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[[File:Hexagonal-structure.jpg|thumb|right|Hexagonal structure]] | |||
Using the right angles for the connector a wide array of shapes like the Archimedean solids and many others can be built. | |||
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==Semi permanent frame structures== | ==Semi permanent frame structures== | ||
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The requirements for a semi permanent frames are environmentally friendly materials and structures that can be assembled and disassembled easily while not weighting too much. | The requirements for a semi permanent frames are environmentally friendly materials and structures that can be assembled and disassembled easily while not weighting too much. | ||
==Links== | |||
* [http://domekit.cc domekit] (have 3D-printed connectors) | |||
* [[wikipedia:Buckminster Fuller]] | |||
* [[wikipedia:Geodesic dome]] | |||
* http://www.bfi.org/about-bucky/buckys-big-ideas/geodesic-domes | |||
* http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jN3FMx1TYt8 | |||
* http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=osnv4IFZW5o | |||
[[Category:Matthias Breuer]] | [[Category:Matthias Breuer]] | ||
[[Category:Dokumentation]] | [[Category:Dokumentation]] |
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