GMU:BioArt WS15/(non)living and the lemon battery: Difference between revisions

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-== potato batery ==
+== lemon battery ==
+<gallery>
+Image:IGP2964.png
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+Image:IGP2992.png
+Image:IGP3002.png
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+</gallery>
 == living-non living and the posthuman state ==
+In Katherine Hayles' terms, "posthuman" is a state where the human seamlessly articulate with intelligent machines and approaches his or her body as a prosthesis (Hayles, 1999). This perspective is also close to Rosi Braidotti's critical posthumanism and her awareness of being part of the Anthropocene (Braidotti, 2013). The integral operation of this system built out of carbon-based organic components and silicon-based electronic components has become one of the challenges of medicine and social theory that marks the posthuman era (Hayles, 1999, Malabou 2008 [2004], Braidotti (2013)). The fact that technologies – or to be more precise, interaction between carbon-based organic components and silicon-based electronic components – will influence our behavior even more in the future calls for the examination of information flow and control strategies within such a system. By extension, this discursive space opens up to the reconsideration of how larger information systems can be intelligent.
 == Historical context of electricity ==
+Organisms could be characterized by their ability to conduct electricity which is known since the second half of XVIII century. Edmund Whittaker (1910) mentions 1780s Luigi Galvani's and his assistants' experiments which demonstrated convulsions of frog legs if attached to electric machine and which were considered as animal electricity. A slightly different approach to electricity is presented by Alessandro Volta who in 1799 builds his Voltaic Pile known as the first electrical battery (RSC 2015). Described as reaction between chemical elements the Voltaic Pile had two electrodes of different metals placed between pads of moist material.
+The characterization of organisms capable of electrical conductivity in reference to reaction between nerves (organic) and metals (non organic) instead of animal electricity is brought by Johann Wilhelm Ritter (Berg 2008) after a number of experiments shortly before his death in 1810.
 == Electricity generated by interaction between organic and non organic elements ==
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 == References ==
-Robert Mitchell (2010). Bioart an the Vitality of Media ISBN 978-0295990088
+* Berg, H. (2008). Johann Wilhelm Ritter – The Founder of Scientific Electrochemistry in Review of Polarography, Vol.54, No.2. Available at: https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/revpolarography/54/2/54_2_99/_pdf Accessed: 1 August 2015.
+* Dubiel, H. (2009 [2006]). Deep in the Brain. New York: Europa Editions.
+* Edinformatics (2015). How does a battery work. Available at: http://www.edinformatics.com/math_science/how_does_a_battery_work.htm (Accessed 3 August 2015).
+* Mindaugas Gapševičius (2015). “Do-it-yourself” series workshop  “How To Light Up LED With Your Body” with artist Mindaugas Gapševičius. Available at: http://www.letmekoo.lt/en/pasidaryk-pats-dirbtuves-kaip-iziebti-led-savo-kunu-su-menininku-mindaugu-gapseviciumi/ (Accessed 11 August 2015).
+* Hayles, N. K. (1999). How We Became Posthuman: Virtual Bodies in Cybernetics, Literature, and Informatics. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
+* Robert Mitchell (2010). Bioart an the Vitality of Media ISBN 978-0295990088
+* Whittaker, E. T. (1910).  A history of the theories of aether and electricity. Vol 1, Nelson, London. Available at: https://archive.org/download/historyoftheorie00whitrich/historyoftheorie00whitrich_bw.pdf (Accessed: 1 August 2015).