BASICS
Current
- DC Direct Current Gleichstrom
- AC Alternate Current Wechselstrom
Ohm's law Ohmsches Gesetz
- R = U/I U = R*I I = U/R
- R - Resistance, Widerstand Ohm
- U - Voltage, Spannung V
- I - Amperage, Stromstärke A
Capacitor/Condensor, Kondensator
- used to store energy electrostatically in an electric field
- Speichern von elektrischer Ladung und damit zusammenhängender Energie
Electrolytic Capacitor, Elektrolyt-Kondensator
- same function as the usual capacitor, only use with DC
- Anode and Kathode → polarised
- F - Farad - electric capacity, elektrische Kapazität
- Müh - micro, mikro
- 0,01MühF (103)
- 1 MühF
- 4,7 MühF
- 47 MühF
- 220 MühF
Resistors and ist color Codes, Widerstände und ihre Farbcodes
- brown black red 1 K Ohm
- brown black orange 10 K Ohm
- brown black yellow 100 K Ohm
- brown black green 1 M Ohm
LED
- LED - Light Emitting Diode ↔ (regular) Diode
- -always connected to a resistor as it does not need
- as much current as the other parts of a circle
- → resistor with 1 K Ohm (brown black red)
Examples for components of a circuit
From left to right: Battery, Potentiometer, LED, Capacitor, Cable, Electrolytic Capacitor, 555-Timer, TIP 122, Motor, Double Pole-Double Throw-Relay, Terminal
Switches
Momentary Switch
Double Pole Double Throw
- Double Pole Double Throw DPDT, Single Pole Single Throw SPST, Single Pole Double Throw SPDT
two different circuits
- daisy chain - Reihenschaltung
- parallel chain - Parallelschaltung
astable and monostable, 555
- ASTABLE turns on and off constantly, square wave like
- MONOSTABLE trigger, decide when on or off
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monostable, momentary switch, trigger LED by connecting wires
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astable, determine motor direction by using the double pole double throw-relay